IT Security and Threats in the Modern World

IT Security and Threats in the Modern World Assignment Help

Today the business of IT sectors increase rapidly in the world and it also a key driver of global economic growth. The main function of an information technology is to develop the software and hardware basically based on computer (Chepkoech, 2017). The other main function of the IT sectors is design, development and implementation of the Information technology and management system. The IT industry also helps the other servicing and manufacturing sectors to grow.

Objective of the Project

The main objective of the project is to control and prevent the hacker and maintain the proper security. There are more than 100,000 known viruses present in the cyber world and these viruses are able to delete and transfer all the data or information in a small time from one computer to other. The information is the main asset of the company. Without any information the companies feel a blank with a view to the documentation (Chepkoech, 2017). Most of the companies, banks, marketing sectors are stored their data or information in the virtual memory or a software that why the companies need to maintain the hard securities in the software. The other main objective is to prevent the sudden breakdown of the computer website. The breakdown of the website also hampers the update of notice and other issues that also affect the customer of the company.

Identification of IT networking related Problems

There are different types of issues and problems arise in the Information Technology (IT) industries are: 1) the crashing or breakdown of the company website and 2) the hacking of the total company software (Thangamani et al., 2017).

The Crashing or Breakdown of the Company Website

Most of the major website is not accessible to people across the world because the internet’s infrastructure said that it was under attack. Now the cyber attack is one of the major problems in the world. All the economy and balance of data can be hampered for the crashing of website (Corrigan, 2017).

There are different steps that can also prevent the hackers and to maintain the company website. The company needs to keep the daily backup of the documents and keep all the software up to date. The company should need a daily basic check on the server.

Types of Customer in Cognizant

Cognizant is one of the biggest IT Company in the world. The Cognizant has different types of clients. The main work of that company is to design, build and scale meaningful experience and that company also provides the digital operation of the business and simplifies, modernize and secure the work of the clients (Roberson, Buonocore and Yearwood, 2017). The Cognizant serves the top clients across the different sectors such as Banking, insurance, healthcare, financial services, manufacturing, life sciences, retails, information, media and entertainment, etc.

Understand the Customer Specific Needs

To start an IT business the company should know the customer needs. The good customer research is needed to convince the customer about the product and further customer research also helps to develop a more detailed picture of your customer. There are different types of problem facing by the worker regarding customer (Folta, Lockton and Bowden, 2017). Sometimes the customer is not satisfied with the services or products of the company. The system administrator of information technology sectors are works in diverse environment including internet service provider, network operation centers and data centers. When a customer will see that the software of Cognizant is hacked by the hackers the clients will perform a negative reaction to the company (Potter, 2016). They will be tensed about their valuable information stored in the cloud.

Services offered by the Cognizant

There are different services offered by the Cognizant are-1) Digital business solutions.  
2)  Managing the business with Digital Operations and 3) Simplifying, modernizing and securing the IT structure and application that are the main component of the clients business (Potter, 2016).

Digital Business Solutions

The Cognizant digital business solutions also help the client company to engage the customer by innovative plans and projects of the business. This company also gives the strategies to maintain the business and to generate new growth and real economic value (Roberson, Buonocore and Yearwood, 2017). This company also begins with data science and knowledge of your industries most important processes and also collaborates with the clients to inspire intelligent products, better strategies to engaging more customers in the company.

Managing the Business with Digital Operations

The cognizant also offer the digital software by which a manager of a company can execute all the business plans from the software digitally. The back office process closure to the customer with the help of cloud based platforms that employ business process as a service solution (Potter, 2016). This digital process also helps to the companies to differentiate their brands from the other companies.

Simplifying, Modernizing and Securing the IT Structure and Application

Digitization is creating swift and better changes across the all industries. The processing of business through the digital application is also easier for the employees of the organization (Folta, Lockton and Bowden, 2017). The modernizing of the application, platforms and websites also helps the clients to keep their data up to date. The data securities are the more important for every company. The Cognizant also helps the client to maintain the proper security in the private cloud storage as well as it also help to prevent the cyber threats.

Services That Don’t Offered by Cognizant

The Cognizant cannot offer any protection against the Ransomware or other updated malware. The Cognizant can’t give any lost documents if the Client shares the password with the others. The cognizant do not provide any financial support to the clients in case the lost of any documents (Folta, Lockton and Bowden, 2017).

Legislation That Make a Customer Aware

The consumer legislation covers the warranties and the condition of sell (Talbot, 2016). That law also covers the product and product safety standard, Provision of accurate information to the consumers. There is different legislation that make the company aware are- 

Security of Data or Information

The company knows that how much data is essential for the client they can offer commensurate value in return of the data. Making the exchange transparent also help to maintain a good relation between company and clients (Talbot, 2016). The client should keep all the data keep safely with the password. The client should not share the password or usernames with other.

Transparency and Trust

All the confidential documents and information should be stored in the locked file only accessible for those who have the business. All electronic confidential data or information should be protected by the encryption, firewall and password (Talbot, 2016). These processes also make a customer aware.

Cognizant’s Professional Knowledge to Help the Clients

 There are thousands of professional people are attached with the Cognizant that also help their client to share their knowledge and other benefits (Prasad, 2016). The professional employees of Cognizant also give the client a second choice for the security of their valuable information.

Information Used By the Cognizant to Help the Client

There are different types of information is used the Cognizant to help their clients. Cognizant also give the digitalized business opportunity as well as all the presentation, outline diagram or project of a company. There are so many resource person work at cognizant they help to gather the information from the different various sources (Lopez et al., 2016).

Dealing the Unsatisfied Customer

There are different ways to deal the unsatisfied customer. At first the company listen the whole problems of the customer. Then they take them seriously and verify the problems during verify the problems they stay calm. The calming approach also helps the client stay calm too. Then the employees solve the problems of the client (Fakharany, Company and Jodar, 2016). If the cognizant unable to solve the problem they apologize gracefully.

Solving the Customer’s Problems within the Organization Expertise

If there is an expertise people present in the Cognizant who can easily solve the problem. The Company will fix the problems of the clients as soon as possible by using its resources (Prasad, 2016). 

Solving the Customer’s Problems outside the Organization’s Expertise

I there is no expertise people present I the company to fix a problem showed by the customer then Cognizant hire the expertise people or consultancy to fix this problem as soon as possible to satisfy the customer (Fakharany, Company and Jodar, 2016). The Cognizant will also appoint some expertise staffs to fix the similar problems in future.

How to Know That the Provided Information Is Up To Date and Accurate

The Cognizant always keep the information and software up to date and the company always use the best tools or kits to fix the problems. The company also reviews the information before giving it to the clients (Lopez et al., 2016).

Hacking of Software or Spread Ransomware

Ransomware is one kind of malware software that block the access of data or serious information and giving threat to publish the information in public or delete the data until the ransom or money is paid. The lost of information also hamper the economy of the company as well as it will hamper the customer satisfaction (Corrigan, 2017). Not only the companies the customer are equally affected by the hackers. Some of the ATM card holders also lost their money by sharing their ATM card numbers with the unknown person and the other personal information (Corrigan, 2017).

Customer specific needs regarding website breakdown

A customer wants to minimize the single points of failure and broken hardware is replaced as soon as possible (Gudipati, et al., 2013). On the other hand they also want if, it is possible to connect servers to multiple switches as it helps to replace a broken switch with another which has a the same configuration and to set up a spare switch with an appropriate basic configuration in advance to simply replace the hardware to restore connectivity. To maintain power issues as it is important to have to components to provide backup for each other connected to different power circuits, so that if one circuit goes down, the other will back up (Gudipati, et al., 2013). Moreover using of same vendor and software version for everything will omit additional complexity. On the other hand customers’ data should be encrypted during making payments or other transactions made through e-commerce site (Garimella et al., 2015).

Services offered to the customers to avoid website breakdown

There should be clear sense of what the company is offering because consumers will not contact the company directly for the missing product information rather they will directly move on to the competitor (Garimella et al., 2015). Similarly, contact information, including a phone number and physical location because some of the customers prefer to do all of their business online either publishing their address or phone number while those who are operating from home rather than work place are also worried in giving a street address or hometown which will somehow hinder them (Garimella et al., 2015). On the other hand, third party validation is also preferred as because sometime, they want to know with whom they are doing business and what are the customers current experience regarding the matters. Similarly, SSL is also important as it helps to protect the privacy of data exchange between customers and the website. On the other hand use of navigation also matters a lot because the things that can’t be found will be easier for the customers to navigate and find the required information they are willing to (Garimella et al., 2015).

Services that would not be offered to the customers

The company should avoid or rectify faults, errors or discards in network devices. The configuration of devices should be change, there should be no operational human errors and omit out mismanagement of devices. Similarly, there should be regular checks on link failure that are caused due to fiber cable cuts or network congestion (Garimella et al., 2015). On the other hand, there must be sufficient power supply to avoid power outages as well as maintenance in server hardware failure. There should be proper restrictions in gateway to block security attacks, such as denial of service (DoS). There must be process, in avoiding failed software and firmware upgrade or patches. On the other hand, incompatibility between firmware and hardware devices must be rectified (Garimella et al., 2015).

Legislation made for the customers tom make them aware and the affect of this to the customers

Account and registration Details: Customers should agree upon the information provided by the company upon registration and all other times will be true, accurate, current and complete. On the other hand, customers should also agree that they will ensure that the information is kept accurate and up-to-date all the times they proceed (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014). Similarly, if they have any reason to believe that the account is no longer secure, in case of loss, theft or unauthorized use, then customers agree to notify Infosys for the breakdown cause. This will help customers to rely on the company as well as trust which will make them to merge with the company (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014).

How Infosys would use their professional knowledge to help customers to make their best choice. If more than one option is prescribed then options would be described

Marketing would be the first step to be focused, because a trained and professional marketing graduate can identify customers’ behaviours and their needs (Gupta et al, 2016). Features could be converted into benefits, because it is easy to identify features, as they are written on the packaging or on the product itself. Similarly, there must be add on for the customers as, it gives product details and knowledge that are offered by the company, and it also increase the net profit to a high margin (Gupta et al, 2016).

How information will be used by Infosys and how they got the information to determine what would be the best option for their customers

Email and customer contact forms is one of the most valuable ways to gather customer feedback. Moreover there are lots of ways to improve the way customers react out through email to maximize the channel effectiveness, and all these will make a better experience for customers too. Introduction of “we will get back to you soon” will run for a long way to get customers feedback. Similarly, when customer logs in via email will be a better chance for the company to inquire what problems they are struggling with via auto reply mail on behalf of the company (Gupta et al, 2016).

What steps should be followed by the company, if customers are unhappy with the set legislation

If customers are unhappy with the companies’ legislation, then they will be notified by the organization that if any loss or theft occurred regarding their password, emails, privacy and payments made through them will not covered any kind of return or refundable (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014). Moreover the company is not liable for any misshapenness with the customers. Similarly if any legislation is hampering their aspect, then company will revise their policies and further modifications will be done without breaking the companies’ rules and aspects in any field (Gupta et al, 2016).

Steps and actions are listed below which should be followed if customer wants to fix their problems outside company’s expertise but within the organizations expertise

Step 01: If customer demands to change the protocol of the website which is in companies’ expertise but outside organization expertise.

Step 02: If they want a change in the system process, then company will hire expertise from outside to resolve those matters. As, it comes under outside company expertise.

Step 03: If any changes to be made based on the feedback of the customers, which does not comes under company expertise, then its the duty of the managing board to manage expertise from other recourse to solve the queries as soon as possible (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014).

Steps and actions are listed below which should be followed if customer wants to fix their problems inside company’s expertise but outside the organizations expertise

With regards on behalf of the company, if problems faced by the customers are within the company’s expertise, then it would be resolved as soon as possible. On the other hand if the problems are outside companies expertise, then company is liable to hire or intent expert from outside source to solve problems faced by the customers (Garimella et al., 2015).

Conclusion

The companies and banks also need to develop their software and maintain the securities of the software to keep all the account related documents safe. A good antivirus or total securities should be installed in the every professional computer to keep the all document clean. The people should avoid the hyperlinks added in the social network or other websites so the people should think twice before the clicking hyperlinks

intensive farming and its negative consequences on people

Assignment Help on Intensive farming and its negative consequences on people

This report is based on discussing negative consequences of intensive farming, which is mostly known as the use of large amount of pesticides and medicines for the growth of crops, and rearing of animals. This report in this context has chosen an article and summarised writer’s primary concerns in it. It has also discussed the reason for Government’s support of this farming and its failure and discussed its colossal impact on society and human. In this regard the impact of language, style and structure have been elucidated and writer’s key purpose, its effectiveness and intended readership are analysed too.

Section 1

1. Writer’s main concerns regarding the practice of intensive farming

Intensive farming is often considered as one of the latest procedure for obtaining high productivity through the utilisation of chemical fertilisers in colossal amount on a small area of land and keeping massive amount of livestock indoors.  In this article writer has raised her concerns regarding the negative effects of intensive farming. Through the use and application of different types of pesticides, chemical fertilisers, insecticides and pesticides, this kind of farming tries to increase productivity and keeping livestock more than their capacity. This in turn is responsible for emergence of various diseases, pollution and infections due to poor hygiene and overcrowding.

Figure 1: Reasons for the support of UK government towards intensive farming

On the one hand, such farming enables people to purchase food with fewer prices but contrarily, it is responsible for affecting human health negatively. In the very first, line the writer uses word imagery like cold and bright to provide a distinct image of nature and along with that she uses the imagery sweet for making readers feel the weather. This happens because vegetables and fruits are covered with harmful pesticides that cannot be washed away easily leading physical deformity, skin allergy and congenital diseases. Moreover, pesticides are responsible for killing beneficial insects and it affects workers and people residing near it. Moreover, the writer has also elevated his concerns regarding the lifespan of livestock’s’ that is optimising incessantly due to excessive use of chemicals. The writer has expressed her concern by suggesting the absence of hedgerow, blade of grass, birds or butterflies in the perfectly designed garden of countryside where intensive farming is taking place. Her concern regarding adverse effects of intensive farming becomes clearer when she mentions that bees are hired for fertilising blossom.

2. Reasons behind the failure of UK government for supporting British farmers

According to the writer of this article, British Government is putting much effort in supporting British farmers by encouraging people to purchase British food. In such way, more import of food from foreign markets can be reduced. This undoubtedly helps farmers in increasing their profit margin. On the contrary, the writer stated that this is responsible for increasing health hazards in Britain. In order to produce more British farmers are trying to produce more with less effort and capital. The writer’s choice of language makes it evident when she says that British people are inclining towards cheaper food and for ensuring farmers’ success UK environment secretary is asking for purchasing British Food. In this case, persuasive writing style has been maintained as the writer is trying convincing her arguments with evidence that they are causing harm to physical health of people. This industrial farming is affecting the life span of animals as it is reducing dangerously.

Figure 2: Reasons for the failure of UK government in supporting farmers

The overuse of harmful pesticides in industrial farming is responsible for scrubbing wildlife from earth surface. Birds, butterflies and moths are reducing increasingly and population of birds in last 30 years has fallen by 435 million. Moreover, consumption of fruits and vegetables obtained from such harming are responsible for making people fall ill. Ammonia emerging from the use of such pesticides is responsible for negatively affecting local people and vegetation. Thus, UK government wanted people to consume seasonal fruits and vegetables that they thought would be healthy for them and will help farmers as well. This effort has totally gone in vain, as it has failed in serving its purpose.

3. Key points regarding the consequences of intensive farming on society and people

Animals produced in intensive farming are responsible for rearing within restricted place a large number of animals. Therefore, these animals are required to have high quantity of water, food and even medicine for ensuring their healthy growth and expansion. Similarly, for the growth of crops excess amount of chemical fertilizers, labour, capital and pesticides are used. On the contrary, the usage of large amount of pesticides is responsible for poisoning and polluting both soil and water. The usages of pesticides on the one hand, ensure high production of crops and making its price cheaper.

 

Figure 3: Key points regarding the consequences of intensive farming on society and people

On the contrary, humans are bound to pay for such exploitation. The lifespan of animals decreases in an alarming rate. Moreover, when these medicines and pesticides enter into human body through the consumption of these animals and crops, they suffer from various health hazards. The writer has maintained descriptive writing style by painting a picture regarding the negative consequences of intensive farming by pointing towards the absence of birds, butterflies and bees. Moreover, persuasive writing style can be observed here to when she gives exact data in percentage regarding decrease of the population of sparrows or the suggestion of the existence of strong yellowish smog occurred out of excessive pollution. This type of farming is responsible as well for destroying biodiversity as the number of birds; bees and moths is optimising every day. These pesticides consist of harmful chemicals like ammonia and bioaerosols, which can contaminate air and water and people residing near the agricultural field. Ammonia is responsible for increasing headache, nausea, wheezing, difficulties in breathing, phlegm and asthma. In UK, it is found that more than 26% people are suffering from asthma that has caused due to air pollution. Bioaerosols are responsible for allergic reactions, infectious diseases, impairment of lung function and respiratory systems. (Refer to appendix 1)

Section 2

4. Analysis of the writer’s attitude towards intensive farming and its effect on people and countryside

Most of the farmers in UK belong to multicultural background. The managers of industrial farming often use abusive language towards them and maintain authoritative attitudes. This results in the less connection of farmers with their occupation and as the managers focus more on more production, therefore the farmers try to inculcate less capital for the growth and expansion of production. On the other hand, it is necessary for farmers to understand that excessive use of pesticides and medicines cannot ensure high production rather it is responsible for decreasing its lifespan. Often managers discuss these matters with farmers in their own language and therefore, most of the useful information is lost in translation. The writer has used the simile garden of Eden to suggest how beautiful intensive farming can look like from outside. Whereas  usages of imagery like ‘crammed into barren pens or tiny patches of land’, ‘standing listlessly waiting to be fed’, ‘ milked or injected with antibiotics’ only suggests poor condition of these animals used in this farming. Similarly, imageries like smell of cowpats, nauseating reek and faintly sweet smell of manure suggest the overuse of manure in this kind of intensive farming and its side effects.

The first layout used in the article give an image of heaven on earth, as there are perfectly aligned trees but without the presence of a single bird, grass or bees. The tree sparrows are reduced by 97%. This clearly points towards the harmful effects of pesticides on animals destroying natural balance. The second layouts support this fact. This artificial crop, animals and fishes are responsible for negatively affecting health of people as drugs or pesticides used for their growth are entering into human body making them fall ill. The most convincing evidence is emission of yellowish fog due to air pollution in countryside areas, which is worse than Los Angeles, and third layout suggests the worse sight of feedlot farming. Expository writing style has been maintained in this case as the writer has separately described consequences of intensive farming on animals, environment and people.

Section 3

5. Main purpose of the article

The primary purpose of this article is to make UK government and intensive farming managers aware of the negative effects of this type of farming. The writer has achieved this purpose by including in the article its negative effects like destroying biodiversity, negative health consequences. The writer has achieved this purpose by using large number of data and statistics, images. Intensive farming helps in high production but consumption of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and medicines used for the growth of livestock lead to various hearth diseases and asthmatic problems. The writer has tried to show this by interacting with people suffering from health hazard residing near the firm. The purpose is mostly achieved through expository and descriptive form of writing style. Logical and critical outlook is developed and notes are taken for assessing main purpose of this article.

6. Writer’s intended readership

The purpose of the writer is to make people aware of the negative consequences of intensive farming or more specifically, it can be stated that she has tried to create awareness among managers of this farming and Government of UK. Government is supportive regarding the practice of intensive farming. She has tried to create awareness by giving them adequate knowledge associated with it through easy and fluent language. Providing enough data and statistics regarding its harmful consequences, she tried to strengthen her argument, She has provided convincing justification as well so that government can take immediate effort for reducing intensive farming and if it is necessary to sustain then utilising certain methods for optimising its negative consequences. This is a kind of academic article as the author is expert in this field, photographs, and data support illustrations.

7. Effectiveness of writers’ achievement of her purpose

In this particular article, the writer has tried to raise the awareness of UK Government, industrial farming managers and people associated with intensive farming. Maybe the government is emphasising on intensive farming for high production and cheaper price. On the contrary, it ends up in polluting environment, destroying biodiversity and causing serious health hazards. In the farming forests are destroyed leading to large open areas and soil areas. On the contrary destroying natural habitats of animals and birds it contributes towards depleting biodiversity as the numbers of birds and bees are reducing in an alarming rate. Moreover, these pesticides are responsible for air and water pollution therefore people habituating near this farm can suffer from serious health consequences. The writer has successfully achieved her purpose in deriving the attention of targeted readers’ due to her convincing writing style supported by data, statistics, images, and personal research approach. Critical approach is taken as the writer here tried to review several other journals on the same topic to analyse the justification of the writer’s statement. The writer through her expository writing style is capable of increasing awareness of the Government regarding the negative impacts of intensive farming. Moreover, he has used word imagery, like yellowish grey smog to suggest the exact colour of it.

Conclusion

From this report, enough knowledge has been gathered regarding intensive farming and its negative consequences on people, society and environment as a whole. It is also elemental in finding main purpose of the writer that is to create awareness regarding its negative impact to prevent it immediately.

Nurses’ perceptions of pain assessment and management for elderly patients in the acute care setting in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study

Nurses’ perceptions of pain assessment and management for elderly patients in the acute care setting in Saudi Arabia: A qualitative study

Data collection method-

Data collection in qualitative interview can occur in two methods either through direct one to one interview, or in a focused group. The time consuming nature of the data collection method limits the number of samples taken for the study. The advantage of qualitative interview is its richness in exploration of the topic. In the present topic, the nurse interview will be conducted through a qualitative approach as proposed in the study. Out of the four types of data collection methods available, in the present study individual interviews will be conducted. The interview to be conducted for nurses will be semi-structured in nature. The reason behind this methodology for data collection is a focused phenomenon can be explored as well as proper structure can also be maintained. In case of conducting unstructured interview that is in depth, the orientation will be affected. Since perception towards elder care might vary and factors influencing perception can differ, therefore semi structured interviews can provide us proper tool for assessment of the data. Therefore semi structured interview involved broad range questions on perception of care and guiding interview subjects. Another reason behind conducting semi structured interview is to find out any interesting factor that can provide a brief insight into factors influencing perception or themes from the perception. This structure will help the researcher to focus on two to three areas in context of elder care and help in addressing the research objectives too.  The interview should be scheduled in such a way that the participants don’t feel stressed rather it must look like a discussion.  The interview will be initiated with simple questions like what do you think of elderly care? What is your perception towards aged care with different co-morbidities and in this process it can be narrowed down to specific questions like – what is your perception towards medication management in elderly patient? How autonomy factor influence medication factors and what is your perception towards autonomy. The nurses were asked to evaluate their practice with real time evidence about perception and how it affects their practice. The interview lasted for 30-40 minutes with a mean of 32 minutes. The interview was conducted in the clinical setting according to the time given by the participant. Similarly, the interview was recorded and transcribed verbatim by a senior research assistant having no knowledge on the research conducted and the topic. This was done in order to reduce the bias (Ung et al, 2016, pp 23).

Reflection on mindfulness before designing questionnaires-

In my experience designing questionnaire for an interview data collection is difficult and must involve clear state of mind before designing any questionnaires. Designing an interview questions involves quite more than just to chose what questions has to be asked.  There are several factors that can influence the success and failure of the interview session with the participants. Following are the data collection to do list must be maintained-

·         Data collection mode- The actions and words at the time of in person interview have a major impact on the final result to be obtained. The design of question must be targeted and to the point and must not take too much time unnecessarily. The benefit of putting forward the body language will not be there and phrasing the questions will play a major role in how the participant interprets the questions and hence the final data will be influenced.

·         Impact of fatigue in survey- There are types of questions in which there are heavy burden of the respondents and this increases the mental fatigue at the time of interview. So the questions must be designed in such a way that it must not cause fatigue in both the interviewer and interviewee mind. Further it is not required to write the questions that are convoluted to the memory of the elderly people. If the questions are poorly designed then there are high chances that the elderly people may feel hesitant in replying to the questions.

·         Impact of question wordings on interview- One of the most difficult task while setting the questionnaires for interview is selection of right words. The questions asked must not be complicated and must be understood by the elderly people and collection of data actually doesn’t allow you much time to change the question phrase or add additional information to the question. If the language used in framing the question is esoteric with high technical jargons and inaccurate terminologies, it will not allow the interviewee to answer freely to the questions. Furthermore, clear instruction must be provided before starting the questionnaires session.

·         Make proper order of the question- There must be a logical flow to the question asked in the interview. If the interviewer starts jumping around the topic then it may create confusion on the mind of respondent which can causes complete abandon to the survey question. Make sure that the survey must be carefully tested in order to find out the inconsistencies during the experiences taken in survey (Alasad et al, 2015, pp 563).

Data Analysis-

The analysis of qualitative data consists of coding, identification, pattern of categorization and the themes found in the data. The applicability and the clarity of the findings must be heavily dependent on the ability of analysis of the researcher. This sort of dependence in the abilities of an analyst can be of greater strength and weaknesses of a qualitative research or interview. It is sparingly important that the researchers documents and reports analytic processes must be reported truly so that other can easily evaluate the findings of the researchers. The usage of the literature plays a vital role in the qualitative analysis of the collected data and may vary on the basis of analysis. Such as in thematic analysis it can be extensive before the commencement of data and also it can be contraindicated. Several literature suggest that it is generally very difficult to generate one’s own concepts without the addition of burden of the getting a proper literature that can make sense to the data.  One of the analysis methods apart from the software based analysis includes thematic content analysis. It is one of the common methodology used in terms of qualitative research and it mainly aims to find the common pattern across the data set and generally used with the following steps-

·         Familiarizing with the data which involve reading and rereading.

·         Labeling or coding of the whole text recorded during the interview

·         Searching for the theme in accordance with broader pattern of meaning

·         Review of the theme in order to ensure that they fit to the data collected

·         The name of the theme will be defined

·         Finally preparation of coherent write up which includes quotes that are being said at the time of interview buy the interviewee (Alsharani et al, 2014, pp 400).

Ethical Considerations-

There are several ethical considerations has to be kept in mind before starting of the interview. There are personal as well as conversational interview version in which such situation is developed where possibility of causing ethical issues are usual. Such issues are-

·         Confidentiality- As the respondent might be sharing their very personal information, it is sparingly important to assess the confidentiality clauses and up till where the interviewer can promise to keep the confidentiality. There are kind of disclosure such as threats to the safety and child abuse must be reported as the interviewee must be knowing all this information from the very beginning. Also it must be considered very thoroughly regarding the preserving of confidentiality when the analysis and the reporting of data will be done. The person must have access to the data who actually owns the same (Alqahtani, 2014).

·         Informed consent- Most of the studies which includes evaluation of program are covered by some sort of human subjects in the process of review. This actually demands the sign of the respondent in a particular sheet where it will be providing the permission that the respondent is participating the interview and he or she is already informed regarding the benefits and potential risk during the session.

·         Assessment of Risk- It is very important to assess and consider all the potential risk involved and must include all the risk associated with the consent documents. Although just talking may seem harmless but there are instances where elderly people participating in the open ended interview may get stressed, political and legal repercussion or ostracism by the staffs who believes that the participants are using unflattering views about them.

·         Reciprocity and promises- The major issue in this is that what are the rewards the participants gets after the interview by sharing their insight as well as time with the interviewee. It has to be ensured to them that is the community benefitted in some or the other way as a result of the study or if any promises are made towards monetary payment after the interview and such promises must be fulfilled.

·         Mental health of the interviewer- The process of interview can be quite intensive and also can be an interpersonal issue. Being as the participant can experience several stress by disclosing more than what is intended to be disclosed and can sometimes becomes painful experiences as well. Sometimes the process of the interview can be of quite sensitive nature of what has been observed or heard. The interviewer must have the capability to control the emotional situation and stay practical as much as they can in order to get the data collection properly done (Albaqawi et al, 2016, pp 191).

Implementation of research plan-

The major objective of developing a research proposal is to implement it as quickly as possible in order to achieve the desired objectives. This basically involves the process of collection and processing of the information. The collection of data can be carried out by the analysis and processing of the information collected. The collection of the data can be done through interview process of the elderly individual by the research staff or even by outsourcing the job to the outside firms. The implementation stage of the proposal is the most expensive phase of the research and if the implementation is not done properly then there are chances of getting an error while execution of the research. It is the duty of the researcher to closely watch and ensure that the plan has been implemented properly. The major duty of the researcher is to keep a watch towards the problems and must be able to tackle the respondent in case they refuse to cooperate at the time of interview process and provides biased answer or takes shortcuts in reply to the answers. The researchers must also analyze and process the data collected to isolate the information as well as findings. They also required checking the completeness and accuracy of the analysis and finally computing and tabulating the results obtained from the data that is collected through interview. The major changes requires while implementation of the research within me is my patience level and my attitude towards conducting the research. There are instances where people will refuse to participate in such interview process but I need to keep clam and convince them to become the part of the research to make them aware of the benefits of this research in the future process (Almutairi et al, 2016, pp 31).

Journal-

I would like to publish my data obtained through this research in the American journal of nursing. It is because this journal is one of the oldest running journal related to nursing in the world with distinction. Their several publications in the year 1900 has been widely cited and gain recognition across the world. Further this caught my interest because this journal basically focuses on the evidence based article publishing and also provides clinical information on timely basis. This will help in high citation of my work in the future (Cruz et al, 2016).