Prototype of E-Commerce Website for Fictional Business

Prototype of E-Commerce Website for Fictional Business

            In 21st century, it is highly important for businesses to have online presence in order to cover most of the customers and remain competitive in the market. It is there for highly important for them to have an eCommerce presence in the form of an online website that could provide a platform to the end consumer in purchasing all their necessities. However in designing an E-Commerce presence, there are many aspects that are required to be considered so that the E-Commerce presence provides a good opportunity to the end consumer in purchasing all their requirements. The important factors to be considered for having an E-Commerce presence are indicated as follows:

·         

• Audience Analysis: The first and the most important factor to be considered while designing an e-commerce presence in the form of an E-commerce website is mainly the analysis of audience, a critical analysis of the environment, scope analysis and also the structure that need to be followed in designing the E-Commerce presence. As for example, in case of an E-Commerce operators providing IT related products such as desktop, laptop, mobile and other important electronic gadgets, the audience will mainly be the consumer that are IT savvy, and as a result the website needs to be designed considering this particular audience.
•  OnlineMarketing: Critical level of online marketing is also important because the presence of an eCommerce website has its relevance provided it is visible to the end consumer. In order to achieve complete level of visibility, it is important for The E-Commerce operator to perform a rigorous level of online marketing, so that there can be significant level of online presence possible, and more and more consumers can be served with. Online marketing has been an important factor to be considered in this respect, in order to accomplish higher level of success.
• Customer Centric Design: It is also important that the E-Commerce operator should design the website in a manner that is customer centric. The pages within the website should be friendly to customers when they visit and scroll down different pages of the website. Customer centric website is likely to attract more and more customers and make them to stay for longer period of time avoid the website, and make necessary purchases offered by the organisation.
• Security: It is also highly important for an E-Commerce operator to consider adequate level of security while performing the designing of the website. Security has been an important factor when it comes to online presence of a organisation. It is highly important that the website should be safe and secured for the new visitors so that they can make a Purchase Decision.

These are some of the important factors to be considered in designing an e-commerce prototype and by way of considering these factors, it can be possible for The E-Commerce operator to achieve higher level of success. The assignment help Australia service of Australian Assignment Help provides all kinds of help in writing e-commerce assignments.

IT Security and Threats in the Modern World

IT Security and Threats in the Modern World Assignment Help

Today the business of IT sectors increase rapidly in the world and it also a key driver of global economic growth. The main function of an information technology is to develop the software and hardware basically based on computer (Chepkoech, 2017). The other main function of the IT sectors is design, development and implementation of the Information technology and management system. The IT industry also helps the other servicing and manufacturing sectors to grow.

Objective of the Project

The main objective of the project is to control and prevent the hacker and maintain the proper security. There are more than 100,000 known viruses present in the cyber world and these viruses are able to delete and transfer all the data or information in a small time from one computer to other. The information is the main asset of the company. Without any information the companies feel a blank with a view to the documentation (Chepkoech, 2017). Most of the companies, banks, marketing sectors are stored their data or information in the virtual memory or a software that why the companies need to maintain the hard securities in the software. The other main objective is to prevent the sudden breakdown of the computer website. The breakdown of the website also hampers the update of notice and other issues that also affect the customer of the company.

Identification of IT networking related Problems

There are different types of issues and problems arise in the Information Technology (IT) industries are: 1) the crashing or breakdown of the company website and 2) the hacking of the total company software (Thangamani et al., 2017).

The Crashing or Breakdown of the Company Website

Most of the major website is not accessible to people across the world because the internet’s infrastructure said that it was under attack. Now the cyber attack is one of the major problems in the world. All the economy and balance of data can be hampered for the crashing of website (Corrigan, 2017).

There are different steps that can also prevent the hackers and to maintain the company website. The company needs to keep the daily backup of the documents and keep all the software up to date. The company should need a daily basic check on the server.

Types of Customer in Cognizant

Cognizant is one of the biggest IT Company in the world. The Cognizant has different types of clients. The main work of that company is to design, build and scale meaningful experience and that company also provides the digital operation of the business and simplifies, modernize and secure the work of the clients (Roberson, Buonocore and Yearwood, 2017). The Cognizant serves the top clients across the different sectors such as Banking, insurance, healthcare, financial services, manufacturing, life sciences, retails, information, media and entertainment, etc.

Understand the Customer Specific Needs

To start an IT business the company should know the customer needs. The good customer research is needed to convince the customer about the product and further customer research also helps to develop a more detailed picture of your customer. There are different types of problem facing by the worker regarding customer (Folta, Lockton and Bowden, 2017). Sometimes the customer is not satisfied with the services or products of the company. The system administrator of information technology sectors are works in diverse environment including internet service provider, network operation centers and data centers. When a customer will see that the software of Cognizant is hacked by the hackers the clients will perform a negative reaction to the company (Potter, 2016). They will be tensed about their valuable information stored in the cloud.

Services offered by the Cognizant

There are different services offered by the Cognizant are-1) Digital business solutions.  
2)  Managing the business with Digital Operations and 3) Simplifying, modernizing and securing the IT structure and application that are the main component of the clients business (Potter, 2016).

Digital Business Solutions

The Cognizant digital business solutions also help the client company to engage the customer by innovative plans and projects of the business. This company also gives the strategies to maintain the business and to generate new growth and real economic value (Roberson, Buonocore and Yearwood, 2017). This company also begins with data science and knowledge of your industries most important processes and also collaborates with the clients to inspire intelligent products, better strategies to engaging more customers in the company.

Managing the Business with Digital Operations

The cognizant also offer the digital software by which a manager of a company can execute all the business plans from the software digitally. The back office process closure to the customer with the help of cloud based platforms that employ business process as a service solution (Potter, 2016). This digital process also helps to the companies to differentiate their brands from the other companies.

Simplifying, Modernizing and Securing the IT Structure and Application

Digitization is creating swift and better changes across the all industries. The processing of business through the digital application is also easier for the employees of the organization (Folta, Lockton and Bowden, 2017). The modernizing of the application, platforms and websites also helps the clients to keep their data up to date. The data securities are the more important for every company. The Cognizant also helps the client to maintain the proper security in the private cloud storage as well as it also help to prevent the cyber threats.

Services That Don’t Offered by Cognizant

The Cognizant cannot offer any protection against the Ransomware or other updated malware. The Cognizant can’t give any lost documents if the Client shares the password with the others. The cognizant do not provide any financial support to the clients in case the lost of any documents (Folta, Lockton and Bowden, 2017).

Legislation That Make a Customer Aware

The consumer legislation covers the warranties and the condition of sell (Talbot, 2016). That law also covers the product and product safety standard, Provision of accurate information to the consumers. There is different legislation that make the company aware are- 

Security of Data or Information

The company knows that how much data is essential for the client they can offer commensurate value in return of the data. Making the exchange transparent also help to maintain a good relation between company and clients (Talbot, 2016). The client should keep all the data keep safely with the password. The client should not share the password or usernames with other.

Transparency and Trust

All the confidential documents and information should be stored in the locked file only accessible for those who have the business. All electronic confidential data or information should be protected by the encryption, firewall and password (Talbot, 2016). These processes also make a customer aware.

Cognizant’s Professional Knowledge to Help the Clients

 There are thousands of professional people are attached with the Cognizant that also help their client to share their knowledge and other benefits (Prasad, 2016). The professional employees of Cognizant also give the client a second choice for the security of their valuable information.

Information Used By the Cognizant to Help the Client

There are different types of information is used the Cognizant to help their clients. Cognizant also give the digitalized business opportunity as well as all the presentation, outline diagram or project of a company. There are so many resource person work at cognizant they help to gather the information from the different various sources (Lopez et al., 2016).

Dealing the Unsatisfied Customer

There are different ways to deal the unsatisfied customer. At first the company listen the whole problems of the customer. Then they take them seriously and verify the problems during verify the problems they stay calm. The calming approach also helps the client stay calm too. Then the employees solve the problems of the client (Fakharany, Company and Jodar, 2016). If the cognizant unable to solve the problem they apologize gracefully.

Solving the Customer’s Problems within the Organization Expertise

If there is an expertise people present in the Cognizant who can easily solve the problem. The Company will fix the problems of the clients as soon as possible by using its resources (Prasad, 2016). 

Solving the Customer’s Problems outside the Organization’s Expertise

I there is no expertise people present I the company to fix a problem showed by the customer then Cognizant hire the expertise people or consultancy to fix this problem as soon as possible to satisfy the customer (Fakharany, Company and Jodar, 2016). The Cognizant will also appoint some expertise staffs to fix the similar problems in future.

How to Know That the Provided Information Is Up To Date and Accurate

The Cognizant always keep the information and software up to date and the company always use the best tools or kits to fix the problems. The company also reviews the information before giving it to the clients (Lopez et al., 2016).

Hacking of Software or Spread Ransomware

Ransomware is one kind of malware software that block the access of data or serious information and giving threat to publish the information in public or delete the data until the ransom or money is paid. The lost of information also hamper the economy of the company as well as it will hamper the customer satisfaction (Corrigan, 2017). Not only the companies the customer are equally affected by the hackers. Some of the ATM card holders also lost their money by sharing their ATM card numbers with the unknown person and the other personal information (Corrigan, 2017).

Customer specific needs regarding website breakdown

A customer wants to minimize the single points of failure and broken hardware is replaced as soon as possible (Gudipati, et al., 2013). On the other hand they also want if, it is possible to connect servers to multiple switches as it helps to replace a broken switch with another which has a the same configuration and to set up a spare switch with an appropriate basic configuration in advance to simply replace the hardware to restore connectivity. To maintain power issues as it is important to have to components to provide backup for each other connected to different power circuits, so that if one circuit goes down, the other will back up (Gudipati, et al., 2013). Moreover using of same vendor and software version for everything will omit additional complexity. On the other hand customers’ data should be encrypted during making payments or other transactions made through e-commerce site (Garimella et al., 2015).

Services offered to the customers to avoid website breakdown

There should be clear sense of what the company is offering because consumers will not contact the company directly for the missing product information rather they will directly move on to the competitor (Garimella et al., 2015). Similarly, contact information, including a phone number and physical location because some of the customers prefer to do all of their business online either publishing their address or phone number while those who are operating from home rather than work place are also worried in giving a street address or hometown which will somehow hinder them (Garimella et al., 2015). On the other hand, third party validation is also preferred as because sometime, they want to know with whom they are doing business and what are the customers current experience regarding the matters. Similarly, SSL is also important as it helps to protect the privacy of data exchange between customers and the website. On the other hand use of navigation also matters a lot because the things that can’t be found will be easier for the customers to navigate and find the required information they are willing to (Garimella et al., 2015).

Services that would not be offered to the customers

The company should avoid or rectify faults, errors or discards in network devices. The configuration of devices should be change, there should be no operational human errors and omit out mismanagement of devices. Similarly, there should be regular checks on link failure that are caused due to fiber cable cuts or network congestion (Garimella et al., 2015). On the other hand, there must be sufficient power supply to avoid power outages as well as maintenance in server hardware failure. There should be proper restrictions in gateway to block security attacks, such as denial of service (DoS). There must be process, in avoiding failed software and firmware upgrade or patches. On the other hand, incompatibility between firmware and hardware devices must be rectified (Garimella et al., 2015).

Legislation made for the customers tom make them aware and the affect of this to the customers

Account and registration Details: Customers should agree upon the information provided by the company upon registration and all other times will be true, accurate, current and complete. On the other hand, customers should also agree that they will ensure that the information is kept accurate and up-to-date all the times they proceed (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014). Similarly, if they have any reason to believe that the account is no longer secure, in case of loss, theft or unauthorized use, then customers agree to notify Infosys for the breakdown cause. This will help customers to rely on the company as well as trust which will make them to merge with the company (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014).

How Infosys would use their professional knowledge to help customers to make their best choice. If more than one option is prescribed then options would be described

Marketing would be the first step to be focused, because a trained and professional marketing graduate can identify customers’ behaviours and their needs (Gupta et al, 2016). Features could be converted into benefits, because it is easy to identify features, as they are written on the packaging or on the product itself. Similarly, there must be add on for the customers as, it gives product details and knowledge that are offered by the company, and it also increase the net profit to a high margin (Gupta et al, 2016).

How information will be used by Infosys and how they got the information to determine what would be the best option for their customers

Email and customer contact forms is one of the most valuable ways to gather customer feedback. Moreover there are lots of ways to improve the way customers react out through email to maximize the channel effectiveness, and all these will make a better experience for customers too. Introduction of “we will get back to you soon” will run for a long way to get customers feedback. Similarly, when customer logs in via email will be a better chance for the company to inquire what problems they are struggling with via auto reply mail on behalf of the company (Gupta et al, 2016).

What steps should be followed by the company, if customers are unhappy with the set legislation

If customers are unhappy with the companies’ legislation, then they will be notified by the organization that if any loss or theft occurred regarding their password, emails, privacy and payments made through them will not covered any kind of return or refundable (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014). Moreover the company is not liable for any misshapenness with the customers. Similarly if any legislation is hampering their aspect, then company will revise their policies and further modifications will be done without breaking the companies’ rules and aspects in any field (Gupta et al, 2016).

Steps and actions are listed below which should be followed if customer wants to fix their problems outside company’s expertise but within the organizations expertise

Step 01: If customer demands to change the protocol of the website which is in companies’ expertise but outside organization expertise.

Step 02: If they want a change in the system process, then company will hire expertise from outside to resolve those matters. As, it comes under outside company expertise.

Step 03: If any changes to be made based on the feedback of the customers, which does not comes under company expertise, then its the duty of the managing board to manage expertise from other recourse to solve the queries as soon as possible (Sasidharan and Chandra, 2014).

Steps and actions are listed below which should be followed if customer wants to fix their problems inside company’s expertise but outside the organizations expertise

With regards on behalf of the company, if problems faced by the customers are within the company’s expertise, then it would be resolved as soon as possible. On the other hand if the problems are outside companies expertise, then company is liable to hire or intent expert from outside source to solve problems faced by the customers (Garimella et al., 2015).

Conclusion

The companies and banks also need to develop their software and maintain the securities of the software to keep all the account related documents safe. A good antivirus or total securities should be installed in the every professional computer to keep the all document clean. The people should avoid the hyperlinks added in the social network or other websites so the people should think twice before the clicking hyperlinks

intensive farming and its negative consequences on people

Assignment Help on Intensive farming and its negative consequences on people

This report is based on discussing negative consequences of intensive farming, which is mostly known as the use of large amount of pesticides and medicines for the growth of crops, and rearing of animals. This report in this context has chosen an article and summarised writer’s primary concerns in it. It has also discussed the reason for Government’s support of this farming and its failure and discussed its colossal impact on society and human. In this regard the impact of language, style and structure have been elucidated and writer’s key purpose, its effectiveness and intended readership are analysed too.

Section 1

1. Writer’s main concerns regarding the practice of intensive farming

Intensive farming is often considered as one of the latest procedure for obtaining high productivity through the utilisation of chemical fertilisers in colossal amount on a small area of land and keeping massive amount of livestock indoors.  In this article writer has raised her concerns regarding the negative effects of intensive farming. Through the use and application of different types of pesticides, chemical fertilisers, insecticides and pesticides, this kind of farming tries to increase productivity and keeping livestock more than their capacity. This in turn is responsible for emergence of various diseases, pollution and infections due to poor hygiene and overcrowding.

Figure 1: Reasons for the support of UK government towards intensive farming

On the one hand, such farming enables people to purchase food with fewer prices but contrarily, it is responsible for affecting human health negatively. In the very first, line the writer uses word imagery like cold and bright to provide a distinct image of nature and along with that she uses the imagery sweet for making readers feel the weather. This happens because vegetables and fruits are covered with harmful pesticides that cannot be washed away easily leading physical deformity, skin allergy and congenital diseases. Moreover, pesticides are responsible for killing beneficial insects and it affects workers and people residing near it. Moreover, the writer has also elevated his concerns regarding the lifespan of livestock’s’ that is optimising incessantly due to excessive use of chemicals. The writer has expressed her concern by suggesting the absence of hedgerow, blade of grass, birds or butterflies in the perfectly designed garden of countryside where intensive farming is taking place. Her concern regarding adverse effects of intensive farming becomes clearer when she mentions that bees are hired for fertilising blossom.

2. Reasons behind the failure of UK government for supporting British farmers

According to the writer of this article, British Government is putting much effort in supporting British farmers by encouraging people to purchase British food. In such way, more import of food from foreign markets can be reduced. This undoubtedly helps farmers in increasing their profit margin. On the contrary, the writer stated that this is responsible for increasing health hazards in Britain. In order to produce more British farmers are trying to produce more with less effort and capital. The writer’s choice of language makes it evident when she says that British people are inclining towards cheaper food and for ensuring farmers’ success UK environment secretary is asking for purchasing British Food. In this case, persuasive writing style has been maintained as the writer is trying convincing her arguments with evidence that they are causing harm to physical health of people. This industrial farming is affecting the life span of animals as it is reducing dangerously.

Figure 2: Reasons for the failure of UK government in supporting farmers

The overuse of harmful pesticides in industrial farming is responsible for scrubbing wildlife from earth surface. Birds, butterflies and moths are reducing increasingly and population of birds in last 30 years has fallen by 435 million. Moreover, consumption of fruits and vegetables obtained from such harming are responsible for making people fall ill. Ammonia emerging from the use of such pesticides is responsible for negatively affecting local people and vegetation. Thus, UK government wanted people to consume seasonal fruits and vegetables that they thought would be healthy for them and will help farmers as well. This effort has totally gone in vain, as it has failed in serving its purpose.

3. Key points regarding the consequences of intensive farming on society and people

Animals produced in intensive farming are responsible for rearing within restricted place a large number of animals. Therefore, these animals are required to have high quantity of water, food and even medicine for ensuring their healthy growth and expansion. Similarly, for the growth of crops excess amount of chemical fertilizers, labour, capital and pesticides are used. On the contrary, the usage of large amount of pesticides is responsible for poisoning and polluting both soil and water. The usages of pesticides on the one hand, ensure high production of crops and making its price cheaper.

 

Figure 3: Key points regarding the consequences of intensive farming on society and people

On the contrary, humans are bound to pay for such exploitation. The lifespan of animals decreases in an alarming rate. Moreover, when these medicines and pesticides enter into human body through the consumption of these animals and crops, they suffer from various health hazards. The writer has maintained descriptive writing style by painting a picture regarding the negative consequences of intensive farming by pointing towards the absence of birds, butterflies and bees. Moreover, persuasive writing style can be observed here to when she gives exact data in percentage regarding decrease of the population of sparrows or the suggestion of the existence of strong yellowish smog occurred out of excessive pollution. This type of farming is responsible as well for destroying biodiversity as the number of birds; bees and moths is optimising every day. These pesticides consist of harmful chemicals like ammonia and bioaerosols, which can contaminate air and water and people residing near the agricultural field. Ammonia is responsible for increasing headache, nausea, wheezing, difficulties in breathing, phlegm and asthma. In UK, it is found that more than 26% people are suffering from asthma that has caused due to air pollution. Bioaerosols are responsible for allergic reactions, infectious diseases, impairment of lung function and respiratory systems. (Refer to appendix 1)

Section 2

4. Analysis of the writer’s attitude towards intensive farming and its effect on people and countryside

Most of the farmers in UK belong to multicultural background. The managers of industrial farming often use abusive language towards them and maintain authoritative attitudes. This results in the less connection of farmers with their occupation and as the managers focus more on more production, therefore the farmers try to inculcate less capital for the growth and expansion of production. On the other hand, it is necessary for farmers to understand that excessive use of pesticides and medicines cannot ensure high production rather it is responsible for decreasing its lifespan. Often managers discuss these matters with farmers in their own language and therefore, most of the useful information is lost in translation. The writer has used the simile garden of Eden to suggest how beautiful intensive farming can look like from outside. Whereas  usages of imagery like ‘crammed into barren pens or tiny patches of land’, ‘standing listlessly waiting to be fed’, ‘ milked or injected with antibiotics’ only suggests poor condition of these animals used in this farming. Similarly, imageries like smell of cowpats, nauseating reek and faintly sweet smell of manure suggest the overuse of manure in this kind of intensive farming and its side effects.

The first layout used in the article give an image of heaven on earth, as there are perfectly aligned trees but without the presence of a single bird, grass or bees. The tree sparrows are reduced by 97%. This clearly points towards the harmful effects of pesticides on animals destroying natural balance. The second layouts support this fact. This artificial crop, animals and fishes are responsible for negatively affecting health of people as drugs or pesticides used for their growth are entering into human body making them fall ill. The most convincing evidence is emission of yellowish fog due to air pollution in countryside areas, which is worse than Los Angeles, and third layout suggests the worse sight of feedlot farming. Expository writing style has been maintained in this case as the writer has separately described consequences of intensive farming on animals, environment and people.

Section 3

5. Main purpose of the article

The primary purpose of this article is to make UK government and intensive farming managers aware of the negative effects of this type of farming. The writer has achieved this purpose by including in the article its negative effects like destroying biodiversity, negative health consequences. The writer has achieved this purpose by using large number of data and statistics, images. Intensive farming helps in high production but consumption of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and medicines used for the growth of livestock lead to various hearth diseases and asthmatic problems. The writer has tried to show this by interacting with people suffering from health hazard residing near the firm. The purpose is mostly achieved through expository and descriptive form of writing style. Logical and critical outlook is developed and notes are taken for assessing main purpose of this article.

6. Writer’s intended readership

The purpose of the writer is to make people aware of the negative consequences of intensive farming or more specifically, it can be stated that she has tried to create awareness among managers of this farming and Government of UK. Government is supportive regarding the practice of intensive farming. She has tried to create awareness by giving them adequate knowledge associated with it through easy and fluent language. Providing enough data and statistics regarding its harmful consequences, she tried to strengthen her argument, She has provided convincing justification as well so that government can take immediate effort for reducing intensive farming and if it is necessary to sustain then utilising certain methods for optimising its negative consequences. This is a kind of academic article as the author is expert in this field, photographs, and data support illustrations.

7. Effectiveness of writers’ achievement of her purpose

In this particular article, the writer has tried to raise the awareness of UK Government, industrial farming managers and people associated with intensive farming. Maybe the government is emphasising on intensive farming for high production and cheaper price. On the contrary, it ends up in polluting environment, destroying biodiversity and causing serious health hazards. In the farming forests are destroyed leading to large open areas and soil areas. On the contrary destroying natural habitats of animals and birds it contributes towards depleting biodiversity as the numbers of birds and bees are reducing in an alarming rate. Moreover, these pesticides are responsible for air and water pollution therefore people habituating near this farm can suffer from serious health consequences. The writer has successfully achieved her purpose in deriving the attention of targeted readers’ due to her convincing writing style supported by data, statistics, images, and personal research approach. Critical approach is taken as the writer here tried to review several other journals on the same topic to analyse the justification of the writer’s statement. The writer through her expository writing style is capable of increasing awareness of the Government regarding the negative impacts of intensive farming. Moreover, he has used word imagery, like yellowish grey smog to suggest the exact colour of it.

Conclusion

From this report, enough knowledge has been gathered regarding intensive farming and its negative consequences on people, society and environment as a whole. It is also elemental in finding main purpose of the writer that is to create awareness regarding its negative impact to prevent it immediately.

A Shinning reflection

This essay seeks to find answer to question, what are factors that contribute to healing, growth and change in a helping relationship and what other factors can cause harm to all people through a practical study. The current essay analyses the relationship between Annie and her therapist Dr. Bluemenfeld, Annie and her child patient Ben and her previous therapist Melanie. In order to answer above question, a series of further questions are prepared.  It has observed that it is necessary to create a reliable relationship between service provider and service user. It is important for a therapist to acknowledge the approach and procedure of knowing the issues concerned with its visitors come for treatment. In this case, all questions are looked into from view of a therapist and how he or she deals with customers. The customer retaining is based over the relationship, which is maintained through self-awareness. Increasing in knowledge about customers, who is a child a therapist also able to dictate and provide appropriate treatment of the issues faced.  Essay begins with principles that guide all therapists in dealing with his or her individual (Ulvenes et al 2012). It then goes on to explain how these principles bring changes to life of an individual. After this, essay tries to explain various different approaches that a therapist takes to treat his individual. This will include play therapy, Intervention theory, Person centered theory. In final part, this essay provides with different examples where an individual and his or her therapist have worked together and how each of them has influenced behavior of each other.

Annie Rogers in her first psychotherapy session during beginning of her one-year doctoral clinical internship encounters Ben suffering from oppositional personality disorder. Being a bright child and once misdiagnosed as autistic patient, medical history of Ben moved Annie emotionally and made her wonder whether she could help Ben or not. This highlights her sense of care and motherly nature, which she uses to diagnose Ben. During first encountering with Ben, Annie attempts to diagnose him with play therapy by asking questions regarding his imagination and story formulated.  Being a child patient, Ben could not describe the problem with him in words rather showed it visually to Annie through a small enactment that made Annie aware of his situation, which was found to be running, fire, and being lost. Annie interpreted such enactment as fear of being left alone, being touched or being controlled (Rogers, 1959).

There are many principles that guide a therapist in treating their customers. For any therapist to treatment, foremost thing is needed to understand by any therapist is to understand basic psychology of an individual. In order to do so, a therapist follows certain steps. First, a therapist has to talk with his customers in a detail manner and try to understand all values and each needs of his life from his perspective (Kearney et al 2011). This is called Emic approach whereby a therapist puts his feet into shoes and tries to understand his problem. There are five basic needs of life. According to Choice theory, they are Power, Freedom, Love, Survival and Fun. Need for power is essential in anyone’s life as this gives a feeling of being worth as a person and gives a feeling of having achieved something in life (Rogers, 2012). Engagement with Ben highlighted the use of self-awareness, sharing and understanding of mental state, emotion of the patient usually needed by a doctor in treatment and in this case, for a child patient who cannot describe his or her problem verbally but enacts through playfulness. Annie also performs a background research that reveals the case history of Ben to get a deep insight towards the case of her client, which will enable her to treat Ben with efficiency. Annie acting playfully towards Ben with motherly care made her emotionally attached to Ben, which had both positive and negative effects. The positive effect was that Ben was being cured due to presence of motherly love and care Annie provided to him and the negative effect was that too much emotional attachment would cause more harm to Ben when Annie would leave him. Thompson (2012) stated that emotional attachment could cause harm as well as wellbeing for any patient being treated. Annie was very much competent in interpreting actions and emotions of Ben reacting to the needs of Ben.

Love is another need of life as this gives a feeling of belonging to someone whether it is family, friends, or spouse. Roger has argued Love generates care and it provides a healing power to one’s mind. However, it is important that a therapist understands nature of love from perspective of their customer. If customer is child, therapist needs love of his parents whereas an adult customer needs love from society. Freedom is another aspect, which helps mind of an individual, to grow independently by providing a separate place for their customer (Rogers, 2012). Without freedom, a mind gets blocked and thus it would be difficult for a therapist to treat his patient without understanding any nature of freedom that he or she wants to enjoy in life. Individuals at different level want different freedom and hence it is important for therapist to understand a psychology of individuals. Finally, Heininen and others have commented that Fun is an essential part of any human being without which a person cannot survive. In fact, Fun allows an individual to stay motivated in life and helps to overcome many psychological stresses in life (Heinonen et al.2012).

A therapist can bring significant changes in life of a customer. He can motivate a customer to any change way person is living is life. Therapist can bring in a new dimension to all value of individual’s life. On the other hand, therapist treats customer in such a manner than brings in new light in to his or her life from nowhere. A therapist can change behavior of his customer to some extent by making him understand all values of different components in life. Individual often comes to a therapist with a completely different set of believes. However, it is duty of a therapist to change beliefs of his individual through various techniques (Del Re et al. 2012). Customer directed approach through understanding of benefits are understood by both Annie and Dr. Blumenfeld as both of them are able to reveal through empathy the weak point of  their patient. In case of Ben, Annie was able to uncover his needs through interpretation of his actions and enactment and studying his case background. Dr. Blumenfeld through his analysis was able to understand the trauma faced by Annie and helped her confront such trauma in past. The recovery process was also understood, as Annie becomes cautious regarding the fact that leaving Ben would devastate him due to emotional attachment. Wampold (2012) commented that the factors such as Ben’s intellect were understood by Annie, which highlights that factors and events are appreciated by her.

A therapist to tackle difficulty in decision-making process uses intervention theory. Through this theory, a therapist tries to understand when it is appropriate to intervene in to life of a customer and when it is not so appropriate. This theory is more specifically used when a therapist is dealing with child individual.

De haan believes that a Therapist also uses play therapy in order to deal with all children person’s aged between 3 and 11. This is because child of this age needs special care. It is more difficult to for a therapist to understand psychology of a child (de Haan et al. 2013).  A child is often self regulated and his mind is free of any bindings. Therefore, whatever is given to him, as input will stay with person for lifetime. Hence, a therapist needs to adopt a very delicate therapy in treating a child. This is where play therapy comes to help. It is easy to teach and tame mind of a child through different play techniques. Howe described that emotion is a major factor in understanding and managing the emotions for an efficient practice of social care (Nitzarim, 2012). Annie uses her emotion to understand Ben’s emotional state however becomes too much involved that makes her mentally ill herself. Dr. Blumenfeld in the other hand tries play therapy on Annie to understand her needs and make her competent in confronting her fear and bad experience.

According to Thompson, Person centered therapy is more important when it comes to treat an adult customer. Major objective of this theory is to help a customer understand how his behavior is affecting his surrounding and how surrounding is affecting his attitudes. For this, a therapist has three core conditions – Empathy that is ability to understand a individual’s perspective from his angle, unconditional positive regards and Congruence that is ability to clearly communicate with a customer (Thompson et al. 2012).

A therapist also undertakes different means to control customers, which is next issue of essay. A therapist tries to influence control over his individual through various means. He may exercise his controls by one to one communication, or may tell him a story from his life about how he bounced back from a very difficult situation. All these can be done only if customer is an adult one (Del Re et al. 2012). On the other hand, if customer is a child, then therapist needs to adopt a more delicate approach. In this case, he tries to enter into life of a child by acting as local guardian. He tries to teach children by playing with him and staying with him when he is along. He also sometimes tries to influence his individual verbally only. He listens to all feelings of his customer and tries to guide him according to psychology that a customer possesses which is established by Del Re and others. However, in an attempt to recover Ben, due to extreme emotional attachment, Annie became a mental patient herself. Due to overwhelming emotional misbalance, Annie had to be hospitalized herself. After recovering from her illness, Annie started working with Dr. Blumenfeld who was a psychoanalyst. While working together, they unrevealed a hidden abuse in Annie’s life, as both her parents were abusive to her in her childhood. Such abuse made Annie confused regarding attachment and love. Dr. Blumenfeld through playful therapy helped Annie to justify and confront her bad experience in past and enabled her to overcome the relationship disaster happened with her previous therapist Melanie.

A therapist enters into life of his individual as a guide. He encourages participation from his customer and tries to influence attitude of his customer. On the other hand, this participation rate varies from customer to individual. It is expected that an adult person will participate more than a child individual. This is because therapist expects that his or her adult individual will be able handling his emotion in much matured way than a child. A child is expected to slip every now and then. Therefore, individuals of moiré aged are expected to participate more aggressively than a child (Rogers, 2012).

Next area of this essay is how a therapist tries to provide support to his or her individual’s participation and reduce risk of oppressiveness. It is very important than a therapist acting as guide for individual but customer should not become over dependent on his or her therapist for such guidance. It is in this respect, therapist needs to stop giving advice but direct a customer to act as self-directed learner (Del Re et al. 2012). After customer gains in experience about how to deal different situations, it should be left for customer to decide as to what fits him best. It is important that a customer learn how to change his attitude according to various different situations. According to Kearney, more importantly, it is for a therapist to know where to stop being guiding his customer. This distance between customers and therapist will help a customer to emerge as self centered and self dependent model in future (Kearney et al.2011). In the case study, Melanie caused harm to Annie as she tried to force her own fantasies on Annie. Such forcing of fantasies broke Annie due to improper manipulation. Melanie messed up in treating and diagnosing Annie and made situation worse.  

There are many cases where a therapist has been working with his or her customer together. This is particularly a situation when person is a child. This is because he needs to spend more time with children than an adult. In case of child customer, a therapist adopts different techniques to teach child as to how to behave in public and tries to build his character upon it (Rogers, 2012). A child’s mind is more ready to accept teachings when it comes in form of plays and stories. On the other hand, a therapist tries to create more of self awareness when he is dealing with an adult. This is because it is more important for an adult customer that he becomes aware of his own attitudes and behavior by his own. In case of a child, a therapist can himself sometimes acts as a role model. Child tries to learn from his or her therapist by observing his behavior. However, as age increases, child might forget some of the old habits. It is here that role of a therapist becomes very important. He needs to keep himself in contact unless child gains that maturity to keep himself under control (Snyder et al. 2012).

The different feminist developed a concept of ethics of care, which guide a therapist in treating his customers. Therapist tries to understand dependence and interdependence of his customer on therapist behavior (Snyder et al. 2012). He also tries to understand varying degree of such interdependences. Therefore, it is more interaction from both side and not just depended on customers for total rectification. Ethics of care guide a therapist in understanding value of individual‘s choice and their respective outcome and tries to take extra care about feelings of the customer. Through these ethics, a therapist tries to give more attention to the individual feelings and emotions and reason why a person is behaving in that particular way (Thompson et al. 2012).

Roger believes that customers as well as a therapist both are affected in process. On one side, a customer learns new behavior from therapist as a part of guidance and on the other hand, therapist gains in experience as to how read minds of different people. Beside this, a therapist also learns how each individual vary in their thinking process under same given conditions. Children learn certain behavior, which he continues to grow as he grows up his age (Rogers, 2012). Adult customers get much-needed social feelings when he talks with a therapist. Therapist can provide him with real boost in confidence to customer and he might get a motivation back to work with more fresh energy. On the other hand, therapists sometime also are influenced by behavior of his or her customer. In this way, both ways both gets affected by each other’s behavior and both develops a boning that influence important life activities of both  individuals (Snyder et al.2012). Core conditions of Carl Rogers being empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regards are found non-uniformly throughout Shining Affliction. According to Robinson (2011), empathy is referred to as frame of reference, which is the reason for perception to this world. In such the counselor tries understanding feelings and thoughts through experiencing in clients way and is also referred to as walking in someone’s else’s shoes. Annie walks in the shoes of Ben during his counseling, which helped Ben in recovering from his trauma however made Annie mentally affected. Congruence, which leads to building trust and relationship with the counselor, helps in defeating the negative impact that someone has left on the client (Nguyen, 2011). Dr. Blumenfeld uses congruence to remove the negative effects Melanie, Annie’s former therapist has left on her. Annie before Dr. Blumenfeld who never asked Annie regarding justification of her actions rather also faced unconditional positive regard and hence Annie was free to open up to Dr. Blumenfeld without any fear of being criticized. 

On concluding, it can be said that a therapist plays important part in life of his or her individuals and shaping his attitudes and behavior in his life. Interaction between two is helpful to both individuals as they both learn from each other responses under different situations. Finally, it can be said that for any therapist to give his person best service, it is important that he spend much of his time with person  and try to understand psychology as to why he is doing that particular act under that specific circumstances (Thompson et al. 2012). It is important that therapist stays beside person during time of crisis and listens to each advice of therapist so that they both develop a close bonding. This is essential for both partners for their growth in long run.