Proposal on CSR Impact on Australian Telecommunication Companies

Proposal on CSR Impact on Australian Telecommunication Companies

‘Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a business approach that contributes to sustainable development by delivering economic, social and environmental benefits for all stakeholders. Environmental-centered CSR initiatives have enhanced cost-saving practices in the telecom industry. The study determined the extent of implementation of CSR policies by the Mobile Telecommunication companies, ascertained the factors influencing the companies to engage in CSR, examined the perceived influence of the practice of CSR in achieving competitive advantage among the companies, and identified the main challenges facing the Telecom companies in the implementation of CSR. Australian Telecom businesses that embrace energy efficient strategies achieve significant reductions in their costs of operations. In Australia there are lots of famous telecoms companies among them Telstra, Vodafone and Optus is most popular telecoms firms which have further revolutionized the disposal and recycling of electronic waste. There also are significant advancements in community-level health services, training program, sports sponsorships and technological research programs attributable to the telecom industry. Telecommunications access in the rural and remote areas of Australia has come under considerable scrutiny in recent years. In the past decade, Australian federal Government reports and inquiries have citied inadequate infrastructure, lack of service provision, the high cost of access and ‘thin’ markets as key impediments, these difficulties are not restricted to rural and remote communities so the corporate social responsibility is most important and the telecoms companies provide education and health service, advance communication facilities.

The Australian telecommunication companies like Telstra, Optus and Vodafone currently produce annual reports that these companies engage with corporate issues, social accountability or corporate social responsibility which integrated corporate citizenship,  investment for environmental pollution, sponsor sports company for development of players, provide employment opportunity to the young generation which directly or indirectly helps government’s economic policies.

Literature Review

According to Nejc M. Jakopin, CSR has become an important element in the business strategy of a growing number of internationalisation aspects of the telecommunications services industry (TSI), 365 publication addressing a growing body of contributions, mainly covering research themes like settlement and regulation policy, strategic alliances and incumbents. Wire line telephony TSI has been the dominant segment in most contributions, while the mobile or broadband Internet segments only featured in more recent work.

 As the same way literature Jonathan Donner review roughly 200 recent studies of mobile phone use in the developing world, and identifies major concentrations of research. It categorized studies along two dimension, one distinguishes studies of the determinants of mobile adoption from those that assess the impacts of mobile use, and from those focused on the interrelationships between mobile technologies and users. And secondly identifies a subsets of studies with a strong economic development perspective. Various initiatives use the mobile phone to provide financial services to those without access to traditional banks, like m-banking/m-payment system.

Research Methodology

The impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) investment on financial performance of Australian Telecommunications Companies, Telstra, Optus, Vodafone is brilliant. Firstly discussing about the Telstra company who invest on financial performance towards the Corporate Social Responsibility. According to research methodology Telstra is one of the great company, as leader in business and industry who continue to nurture and develop that future, recognising that the success of Australian and global communities. This first report is important because it recognise that Telstra Company is not a collection of policies and capital, it is driven and given its character by its work. Telstra Company active in the community at many levels, such as Clean Up Australia Day, which is strongly supported by Telstra volunteers, called Telstra friends. Telstra people show the values of company when disaster strikes many parts of Australia were devastated by floods in 2002 and fire during summer 2002-03. Telstra established Farmhand Foundation for helping drought stricken farmers and farm, in 2002-03 this foundation help $23.5 million to help provide immediate relief to around 15000 farming families. In April 2002, Telstra established the Telstra Foundation- giving program devoted to enriching the lives of Australian children and young people and the communities in which they lives.

Here are some great performance of Telstra company;-

·         Provide $3.6 million in grants through the community development fund for 2003/2004

·         Provide $750,000 in grants through the Telstra kids funds

·         Continue to build a body of knowledge and focus to support Australian children and young people

·         Completed 428,468 work – related training activities for employees in 2002/2003.

Vodafone is also one of the world’s leading mobile telecommunications companies, with a significant presence in Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia Pacific and the United States through the company’s subsidiary undertaking, joint venture, associated undertaking and investments. There are approximately 5.4 million Vodafone customer in Australia. Vodafone contribute to the community in amazing ways through participation in volunteer programs such as Passion Day and world of Difference. Vodafone Foundation was established in 2002 and has donated more than $22 million to support the community, supporting charities such as beyondblue and St John Ambulance NSW, Taronga foundation and Animal Welfare League to create life saving Smartphone apps through App Aid program. Vodafone foundation Australia is one of 25, Vodafone foundation’s around the world using mobile technology to make social change and improve.

Optus is an Australian leader in integrated communication specialising in a broad range of communications services including mobile, local, national and long distance telephony, business network services, internet and satellite service and subscription television. Optus business meets the telecommunication needs of small and medium businesses in Australia. Interactive voice response (IVR) is a technology that allows a computer to interact with humans through the use of voice and DTMF tones input via keypad.

Research problem/question

Australia is a booming country and with access to the most recent technological advancements. The globalization with the world economy has been a positive trait for the country. The stable political system, quality of infrastructures and highly skilled workers along with the multicultural background has made Australia in cost advantage with areas such as corporate social responsibility in telecom companies. In US the ongoing expansion of the mobile ecosystem, couple with demand for high-bandwidth applications and services such as video and gaming, is keeping pressure on the industry to increase the availability and quality of broadband connectivity. Increasing popularity of bring-your-own-device (BYOD) in the workplace could exacerbate the potential exposure to critical company data using malware or other hacking techniques. Although there has been a good deal of study on corporate social responsibility (CSR) by telecom companies worldwide it would still be necessary understand the actual scenario of financial impact of telecom industry in Australia. The main purpose of this study is hence to find out the probable impact of financial impact on telecom companies with corporate social responsibility. Thus my research question will be

·         What trend might disrupt “business as usual” for telecom companies?

·         What can be the future trends of telecom companies in Australia?

·         What are some steps telecommunications companies can take to foster innovation and/or growth?

·         What are the biggest challenges facing the Australia telecommunications industry today?

Research design

This research paper has a quantitative approach of research design. Quantitative research helps in describing a phenomenon across the financial impact of Corporate Social Responsibility in Telecom Companies. Quantitative research is helpful in generating the numerical data that can be described and generalized as usable statistics, It is an effort to understand and describe the positive and negative traits of telecommunication companies i.e. Telstra, Vodafone and Optus with financial and social impact in Australia and how it could affect the Australian business companies.

Data analysis

For the purpose of this study the data collected will be the secondary data from similar studies done previously and from the journal articles and publications. The selling data of Telstra, Vodafone and Optus related to figures of Australian telecommunication companies will be analysed and represented via descriptive statistics such as mean and range, standard deviation. Along with that views on the future of telecommunication companies i.e. Telstra, Vodafone and Optus products of mobile from Australia will be analysed qualitatively form similar research sorted into groups and added as a part of discussion under the study. So the data analysis of Telstra, Vodafone and Optus production will be compared with other telecommunications companies which will helpful for further understand the global impact of financial investment in telecommunication companies.

Gantt Chart

The research process will take place until 13 weeks during the study period and the reports submission is planned for the fourteenth week. The process is divided into six categories according to the activities carried out. Gantt chart is used to illustrate the activities in the Y-axis whereas the start date for each activity in weeks and the duration is represented in X-axis as described.

Expected research outcomes

This study will help to understand the various functions that the Australian telecommunication companies financial impact on Corporate Social Responsibility of the world. Through this study the researcher will be able to find out the key motivating factors of telecom companies and its products. The study will also be helpful in describing the major positive and negative factors of productions(mobile) in overseas market. With the results generated from the study, it would be beneficial in formulating suitable policies and guideline by the companies as well as the Australian government for international production of telecom companies so that it covers the threat associated with economic instability and communication of important information. This will also aid Australian telecoms companies acting as a guide to make effective decisions regarding their business growth strategies.

Conclusion

Finally telecommunication companies should be taken as an opportunity to thrive for better by the business organizations. Telecommunication companies have its own advantages and disadvantages. It is important to understand the risks and benefits as well as plan strategically in order to get the best possible outcome for the company and its future. It is therefore important to focus on the types of functions that are outsourced and the limits to what information is outsourced. At the same time it is necessary to respect ideas and innovation that is possible with financial investment on Corporate Social Responsibility.

Analysis of CSR Investment on Financial Performance of Australian Telecommunication Companies

Analysis of CSR Investment on Financial Performance of Australian Telecommunication Companies

Introduction

In Australia, the importance of telecommunication services has increased over past two decades because the utilisation and usability of this technology have improved. Additionally, the cost of services of telecommunication has decreased, driven down by Technological innovation and competition, improving affordability (Lankoski, 2008). The utilisation of telecommunication services has significantly affected business and life of people. Applications and content services in a wide range have become available in the telecommunication companies. The Australia market has reached the saturation point with more range of mobile telephones than people in Australia (Lankoski, 2008).

According to Toffel and Horvath (2004), the increment in the usage of telecommunication services including internet and data services have ensured that telecommunication is a grown industry. On the other hand, Corporate Social Responsibility is an approach of business which adds to improvement through conveying social, ecological as well as financial advantages for business partners. In the telecommunication business, the cost-sparing practices have been improved by the activities of Corporate Social Responsibility. There are lots of famous telecommunication organisations in Australia among them Vodafone, Telstra and Optus are most popular telecommunication firms that have changed the reusing and transfer of electronic wastage (Toffel and Horvath, 2004).

The organisation of media transmissions like Optus, Telstra and Vodafone deliver the reports yearly that these three organisations link with social responsibility, corporate social obligation or corporate issues. These social responsibilities and corporate issues coordinate ecological contamination venture, corporate citizenship and support the organisation of sports for player’s improvement (Toffel and Horvath, 2004).

Need of CSR investment in telecom industry

According to Garriga and Mele (2004), the CSR has become an important component in techniques of business for developing various integral parts of the service of telecommunication industry. The engagement if CSR in telecom business provides interaction with stakeholders and focus on issues related to the society that leads to new product and service development in the telecom industry. The telecom industry needs to align corporate social responsibility with important operations in a manner that allows this industry to operate in a competitive and cost-efficient manner to improve their position in global competition. The significant impact of corporate social responsibility seems to be evident in the context of risk management, human resources, innovation and reputation management (Garriga and Melem, 2004). At the time of analysis of responsible competitiveness on any particular sector level, Corporate Social Responsibility no longer behaves as a main driver for of various competitive benefits of a particulate sector, but of the whole industry.

According to Lankoski (2008), the CSR increases the short as well as the long-term financial performance of an industry through the satisfaction of customers. The concept of CSR has been viewed mostly as an initiative of industry to be environment-friendly. The definition of CSR defines various operations among which the environmental corporate record is most frequently used operation of the construct (Lankoski, 2008). Smith (2007), considered the environment to be one of the multiple corporate responsibilities domains that are: employees, suppliers, customers, society, stakeholders and local community. The specifics of telecommunication industries are their products that are the non-tangible services; therefore these aspects are excluded from the evaluation of the various activities of CSR. The CSR affects the reputation and financial benefits of a telecommunication industry and to gain these benefits from CSR, awareness among the customers is needed, of CSR initiative of the industry (Smith, 2007).

According to Schuler and Cording (2006), the satisfaction of the customers can be increased with the investment of CSR in a telecommunication industry. Moreover, the customers, who perceive an industry as socially responsible, have more trust in the products provided by the industry. The consumer groups of the telecom industry, which consider the activities of CSR beneficial to their group, increase the value of this industry (Schuler and Cording, 2006).

Current Status of CRS Investment by Australian Telecom Companies

In Australia, there are three popular telecommunication companies namely Optus, Vodafone and Telstra. As per the views of Branco and  Rodrigues (2006), Optus is utilising a strategic approach of CSR that focuses on respond to the demands of society in the interest of long-term benefits of the organisation. This company is being accountable and transparent to al the key stakeholders about the employee, customer, environmental impacts and community of it. In Optus, the report of corporate responsibility highlighted its promises to the customers for improving the experience of the customers by bringing its products to the market in a responsible manner. Optus reported only two percent increment in the overall satisfaction along with the 87 percent representatives of customer care (Branco and  Rodrigues, 2006).

According to Schuler and Cording (2006), the Optus is contributing to the development of the community for which Optus invested $8.24 million. Optus is in partnership with Livewire Hospital program, Starlight Children’s Foundation, an online community of young people with serious illness. Optus denoted approx 6000 parts of computer equipment in IT organisations. Moreover, it is committed by Optus to contribute to climate change by decreasing the environmental impact of it. The report of CSR set out the commitment of Optus to the community in building up the connections and links to the public (Schuler and Cording, 2006).

According to Garriga and Mele (2004), In Telstra, the CSR is a value-based approach which is leading beyond legal compliance for making a positive contribution to communities and industries in which they participate. In this Australian telecommunication company, the corporate social responsibility is managed by corporate relation groups, part of the communications business unit and public policy (Garriga and Mele, 2004). However, each part of the business has accountability for its own activities of CSR. This company has participated Australian business whose position is second in Index of Community Corporate Responsibility. Telstra launched a program of innovative career and life transition in order to support and help the employees on separate contract who leave the company due to retrenchment. Telstra enhanced flexible options of leave for its employees on the contracts include the capability of purchasing additional leave and allowed paid leave for primary carers (Garriga and Mele, 2004).

The business principles of Telstra set out the work practices of employee, standards and principles of behaviour and managers for resolving issues by a new process of internal resolution.

According to Smith (2007), the employees in Telstra demonstrated generosity in raising and donating funds for the tsunami disaster of Indian Ocean. Telstra employees denoted approx $1, 561,280.27 to the funds of tsunami relief aid. Now in the fourth year of Telstra, it continues to help and support the children of Australia and young people for building more cohesive and stronger communities. In context of Occupational Safety and Health, Telstra considers that the workplace injuries and diseases are preventable, and they are committed to facilitating a safe workplace which is free from diseases and injuries. Telstra provides a management system for health and safety and aims at leadership in health and safety through all management levels. Every year, Telstra undertake a schedule of audits related to health and safety of employees along with the aim of constantly improving the safety at a workplace (Smith, 2007).

Branco and Rodrigues (2006), explained that the CSR practices of Vodafone Telecommunication Company in Australia promotes the creation of opportunities, gender equality and provide employment for women and disabled people of the society. In this company, the CSR programmes of healthcare help in improving the health of employees and preventing diseases. These programmes promote health education, awareness about health safety and share information about health safety (Branco and Rodrigues, 2006).

Impact of CSR Investment on Financial Performance of Australian Telecom Companies

            According to Husted (2003), CSR activities have a positive influence on the financial performance of the companies and help them to grow their business. The companies that follow the concept of corporate social responsibility have reached to the conclusion that long-term financial interests and financial performance of a company are based on the various factors rather than stakeholders. According to Jenkins (2005), the Australia telecom companies such as Telestra, Vodafone and Optus provide flexibility to the decision-makers to incorporate environmental and social factors in the business at the time of making commercial business decisions. In this regard, Telstra involves various ongoing CSR practices to fulfil the environmental and social obligations that ultimately results in attracting new customers.

 In the views of Knox et al. (2005), the firms that perform CSR activities such as the welfare of society, providing health services and environmental concern gets more profit than the cost incurred for the welfare of the community. Their CSR activities enhance the financial performance of the companies. Thus, it has been explained that the telecom companies such as Telstra, Vodafone and Optus includes the CSR practices in their decision-making because it helps the companies to reduce their expenses, which may be incurred due to oppositions, criticisms, and lawsuits against the environment and society issues.

Kotler and Lee (2005), states that CSR practices increase the firm’s profitability in long-term resulting in the satisfaction of stakeholders. For improving the financial performance, the companies handle their business functions carefully to give positive impact on the society. In this regard, the telecom companies follow various codes and guidelines of CSR to enhance their approach towards the environmental sustainability and the welfare of the community to enhance their financial performance (Kotler and Lee, 2005). According to Ghose (2012), the corporate bodies through CSR activities share their profits and fulfil their commitment towards the environment and society. In Australia, telecom companies like Telstra, Vodafone and Optus are the leading companies that are required to reinforce CSR practices in the business. Thus, the telecom companies in Australia are mainly focused on their financial performance and growth of the business along with the business ethics and social commitments (Ghose, 2012).

According to Toffel and Horvath (2004), the CSR practices also help the companies to survive in the competitive international market. Based on the global commitments and business obligations, the telecom companies of Australia such as Telstra, Vodafone and Optus are providing CSR activities in the different areas of healthcare, poverty alleviation, charity activities, and society and environmental concerns. It has also been explained that the CSR practices in telecom companies assist in achieving a high position in the global market. In order to increase the financial performance of the business, the telecom companies take steps to solve the societal and environmental issues to take the advantages of resources that are available in the environment and the society. It would also facilitate the companies to enhance their business at a competitive level in the international market (Toffel and Horvath, 2004).

            In the views of Branco and Rodrigues (2006), the CSR activities involve some short-term costs and provide the long-term benefits. It has been stated that CSR does not provide immediate financial profit to every firm, and sometimes, the companies are not aware that the CSR helps in leading to the competitive advantage. The CSR practices assist the companies in increasing the financial performance including improved reputation, shareholder value, customer trust and loyalty, enhanced market share, and increased stock prices (Beckmann et al., 2006). In the context of telecom companies such as Vodafone, Telstra, and Optus, CSR is perceived as a means of innovation and competitive advantage that focuses on the various societal issues and relationship with the stakeholders to develop new business models, products, and services. The telecom sector can be seen as a technology-intensive industry that changes frequently and provides advanced technology and innovative products and services (Beckmann et al., 2006).

Conclusion

It has been concluded from the literature review, that Corporate Social Responsibility plays a significant role in the financial performance of the telecommunication industry of Australia.  In telecom business, the CSR helps in providing interaction with the key stakeholders and deals with the issues and problems related to society. It has also been concluded that CSR enhances the financial performance of a telecom company by satisfying all the customers of the company. The activities of CSR have a significant impact on the financial performances of Telecommunication Company in order to grow their business.

The telecom companies, by following the concept of CSR, have reached a conclusion that financial interest and performance of these companies are incompatible in favour of key stakeholders. Telstra, Optus and Vodafone use the CSR practices in the decision-making the process to reduce the expenses in society welfare and other practices of business. The products of telecommunication companies are the main aspects that are known as non-tangible services. It has also been concluded that CSR investment in Telstra, Optus and Vodafone leads to the success of their business in the market. The current status of CSR investment in these three telecommunication companies has also been described in the literature review.

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Advantages of Assignment Help Services in Australia

Advantages of Assignment Help Services in Australia

Assignment help is highly important to each and every student in Australia. Assignment help is all about getting help in assignment that are assigned by universities. All the students are not bright enough to do their assignment by themselves. They need assessment with services not only to enhance their knowledge and understanding but also in excelling in the professional and academic life. There are many advantages that are available to students from availing the assignment help with services. This blog indicates about the major advantages that are possible to students from taking help in their assignments.

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Megan Case Study on Australian Mining Company

Megan Case Study on Australian Mining Company

In the total case of Megan, it is observed that she was a mining engineer. She worked in Australian mine company. She earned a good amount that is $180,000 gross throughout a year from this company. She also got the good amount, $20,000 for senility. Some late reason she agrees to work for the company for a certain time with a good one off payment of $75000. One can understand from the scenario that Megan was multitalented woman .She has the capability, excellence to do various kinds of job. She lusts for good earning. Therefore along with mining company job she also does freelance activity for many other companies and earned  huge amount of $5,000 and rewarded with vintage champagne which worth $1,800.

It is also observed that she has also designed a mining good along with an engineering specialist. This designing skill brings $440,000 for her. This picture shows that she has the knowledge and skill about machine, tool designing. Hence again Megan has shown her talent. She has performed a landscape painting. This painting again proved her talent. This painting brings recognition for her. Therefore, she has earned $22,000 for her painting and art industry representative rewards her handsomely with $33,000.

Thus, Megan’s total income throughout a year comes to a huge amount. She saves the big amount of money from different work field for her present and future expenses. She has to give hard labour, her valuable time to achieve such a handsome amount. She wants to enjoy her life with her earnings. She is willing to give big tax amount from her earnings. Actually, she has no intention to give tax in her next tax return against her earnings. This idea of Megan is wrong against the law.

Murphy (2005) stated that according to government rules and taxation law, people should pay tax, make a tax return file for their yearly income. Different state has a different taxation law, rules and regulations. Like this Australia also has their governmental rules & regulations, tax law. Australian tax formula is different from others. In comparison with others, the total collection of tax rent roll was 29.8 per cent while others were 37.2 per cent. Total yearly tax income on profit is 56.6 percent while others 35.4 per cent. Therefore, the Australian taxation system is modified including value added tax, general tax with the income percentage of 2.7% while the others are 6.6%.thus the taxation system is developed in comparison with others near about June, July 2000 And According to Australian law, one should pay tax in respect of their earnings. Hence, in Australian taxation law, there are various tax amounts, rules for a various field like the business tax, painting, house tax, land tax and many others. The Australian law department is one of the very efficient departments to detect the tax law and its fault. The Australian law has many jurisdictions.  Australian law department consider goods and service tax as a value added tax. The percentage of value added tax is 10% on service tax. Wood & Watson (2001) stated that Howard government showed this taxation law on 1july, 2000. This new law changes the previous sales tax method. It design a new path to calculate tax of governmental tax, bank tax etc. In the tax summit of 1985 expenditure tax was introduced first. During the time of 1998 election program in Australia, many other fields are included under taxation system. Like tourism, reparation tax were also included and identified by tax department of Australia. A new tax system was introduced on 28 June 1999.It was named as “goods and services tax act”(1999). This act achieves its consent 8 July 1999.Finally the act is implied on 1 July 2000. Australian law department is processing the taxation methods in such a particular way that nobody have to pay extra pay even not a single penny. Evans, (2003) commented that generally tax is calculated on the large amount of yearly income. A big amount of the large income is generally collected as tax. Yet, Australian taxation office reduce some general tax like income tax, wholesale tax, bank tax, and some fuel tax etc. They very efficiently take the decision to reduce general taxes. They take this decision to increase their tax income and to solve the fear factor among people. Australian tax commission also evaluate the tax of real estate. The percentage of real estate tax is  high and increasing rapidly.

The Australian bureau of statistics also contributes a lot for the taxing enactment. The tax research department has observed that there are few faults in tax laws. Many people use different strategy to manage the tax and to decrease the tax amount. They very tactfully use the follies of tax rules and imply them on their tax amount. Many people in Australia like this practising the different strategy to escape tax. Australian federal government federation observed that these illegal practising of escape tax is increasing in high rates because people feel fear to give tax due to high tax amount of certain fields like civil tax and many others (Profits & Profits, 2004). 

Australian tax department has increased many taxes at such a rate that it is too possible to meet for a middle-class family. Many taxpayers, accountant take this chance as their golden opportunity to escape tax. Whiteford & Angenent (2002) commented that the economic recovery tax act of 1981 has decreased the percentage of tax from 70% to 60% to stop this kind of malpractice. The tax department has a deep knowledge about tax recovery. Therefore again tax percentage of supplying and housing tax is decreased by 30%. From 2005, Australia and many other companies are following International Accounting Standard. There is also some limitation so gradually Australian tax department again modify their taxation rule. The federal Government of Australia has taken some steps to prevent tax loss. Therefore, there is still some gap which accountants, taxpayers, suppliers, house renters, civil workers use as their benefits. A large number of common mass is paying less tax against their huge income.

Thus, it has affected the total income tax and decrease the state income. Tax department plays an important role in world economics. Thus, in Australian tax department is playing a key role in collection income. At present in Australia many accountants, taxpayers are running after new strategy, tax planning as Australian tax office observed. Internal revenue service observed that the misuse of the tax law is increasing day by day since 1990. Hofmann, Hoelzl, & Kirchler (2008) stated that if it is going to this Australia might be facing a massive financial problem in future. Therefore, internal revenue service and Australian taxation board look after this matter. They are trying to find a path to solve this problem. Hence, no one takes the chance to misuse the law.

Henry et al. (2009) stated that Australian taxation law made very strong and strict. Therefore, still, a gap is there. According to Australian law, people can use some strategy legally to solve their tax problem but there is some few strategy. Australian law allows people to use the particular followings. Many people of Australia gradually start to follow that strategy. It will also help to decrease the large number illegal practising of tax strategy.

It is said that if there is law then there is surely a gap. Just one has to know the proper utilisation of that gap. Increasing the awareness among people Australian taxation offices organised an awareness and knowledge program in 2008-2009. Then it was observed that a large number of workers, taxpayers and many organisations showed their strong interest in that program. Actually, they have a very poor knowledge about the processing method working formulas of tax and superannuation’s amount.

 In the case of Megan, she also earns a large amount from the various fields. Her money income sources are from various sides. Therefore, according to the Australian law, she should pay a certain amount of tax for her total yearly income. The segregation her tax amount will depend on her various sources, as she has to pay a certain amount based on company tax, and other tax amount, exhibition tax like this. Megan does not want to pay an amount which she should pay as a total tax amount according to Australian tax law (2016, Treasury.gov.au.). Megan works as a mining engineer so he has to pay a certain amount for his service. According to her service income, she has to pay near about 10% tax amount on her service tax.  Australian tax department consider some strategy to manage the tax amount. There are various ways for Megan to fulfil his desire. Megan can choose any strategy to escape or decrease the tax amount. He might donate certain amount in orphanage.

This way he can show that she spends her money and her total income is not so high. Naturally, her tax amount will decrease automatically. This particular process is not so popular, largely followed because in this way money is spent. There is no chance to refund the money. Megan cannot get profit, savings from this. Few people who have excess income do such practises. They just spent their extra money in this way. She can buy some property with her earnings. Therefore, a large amount of money will be blocked in property. Everybody knows that property is an asset, which has increasing value according to the market.

If Megan spend large amount of money in buying property her total income will be low. She does not have to pay a big amount of money as tax. Thus, she can save her earnings. Megan can get a double profit, earn handsomely from her property. Actually, the price of everything is increasing day by day Rate is getting high. Hence, property, estate is like a gold mine. Just dig the mine and earn more profit. At present moment if market value of one property is 10 lakhs. Then after 5-10 years this value will be double or more near about 50-60 lakh. Hence, one who buy this property with 10 lakhs and after 10 years get near about 60 lakhs approximate so his savings or earnings will be 50 lakhs at that time. One can live his life without any tension. If at present situation Megan, have a good property it will secure her future with double or more benefits as well as save her earnings by paying less tax. Megan can invest her money in real estate or any profitable business. The output will be same. Here she also gain more profit & earns good. As at present situation the market price, business value of real estate is very high.  Therefore, she can earn a lot. If the business in which she invests her money is running good after the investment amount of profit from the business will be so good. Megan can also buy a many gold jewelleries and gold bar, she can also in gold market in share. If the share of gold is high, then the profit amount which she will get from the share is just cannot be imagined. The money will be saved for her future expenses. In case by any chance she will face financial crisis she can draw the large cash amount from her gold jewellery. Therefore, if she invests & block her earnings in such a way then she can very escape the tax strategically and tactfully. If there is not a large accessible amount in her bank account or any deposits amount then tax amount will low (Productivity Commission, 2002). These ideas really help her a lot because according to Australian tax law one’s tax amount depends on his total earning deposits, yearly income. If anyone spent his money from his savings then the spending amount is not so easily accessible. Here Megan also uses these strategies. Following the strategy she can easily climbs up the bright future. Thus, she will be able to fulfil her coveted desire and live her lavishly.

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Impact of Family Life on Depression

PATIENT’S TROUBLED FAMILY LIFE IS CAUSING THE DEPRESSION 

Research shows family history, troubled childhood, family environment and upbringing as well as genetics play an important role in depression. When childhood life is full of challenges especially mental and has impact on emotions of human beings, it will affect the mental health in later life (Monroe, Slavich and Gotlib, 2014). In the present context, Miss J family history shows her mother and sister both have suffered from depression. Her maternal grandfather was alcohol addicted and this might be a factor that has further affected Miss J mind. Research shows excessive alcohol addiction can lead to home violence therefore Miss J might have been victim of passive abuse or must have seen her mother being abused (Kose et al, 2015). In such cases, the person’s perception towards the world changes and they comprehend the world to be a place of uncertain, unpredictable and dangerous. When this condition is not treated this might continue into later life with helplessness, anger or upset that is evident from Miss J case.

This condition can be treated by change in dietary habits and also changing the life style factor. One of the most common causes is lack of minimal amount of vitamins and minerals in the body. Therefore the client has to undergo a test for vitamins and supplements status to see which vitamins and minerals are short in the body and based on that she can be recommended pills or other natural sources.  Since in cases of families having troubled environment has greater impact on emotions, therefore it is recommended for the patient to undergo talk therapy which will help her in expressing her fears and other hidden suppressed emotions (White et al, 2015).

GENDER MIGHT BE FACTOR

The client in the present case study is 23 years old implicating she is in young adulthood. The client is a female person and research shows the emotional security and support required by the females are more than the male individuals (Lewis et al, 2015). There can be numerous factors that lead to such difference but the fundamental difference can be due to societal perception of female, expectations from them and upbringing from childhood. For example- boys in general are sent to outside to carry out works and girls are mostly trained to carry out home based works. In such cases facing a real world on own along with a troubled childhood might be difficult for the client that is making her depressive and low in mood (Horesh et al, 2015).

The client will be recommended a food that has affect on mood and especially helps in energising the body. Lack of energy in the body might lead to lethargy and in long run due to lack of competitiveness; the person might show signs of depression. In that case, the person must be assessed for nutrition’s she is taking and follow up for a certain period to know what food factors might be the causal factor for depression. Supplementing with particular type of nutrients and eliminating the causing supplements it can reduce the stress on client (Strasser, Gostner and Fuchs, 2016).

PREVIOUS EPISODES

People having previous episodes of depression are more or less prone to such episodes later in their life. The medication history of the patient indicates she was diagnosed with depression at an age of 18 and 20. In both episodes she discontinued the medication by self. Research shows diagnosed with any type of mental health issue can act as a further stressing factor, therefore being diagnosed twice for the depression might be a factor for depression or low in confidence. This is evident from client case where she complains of bout of depression ranging for a period of 3-4 days.

The dietary intervention includes reducing the sensitive foods from the diet. While diary products and wheat products are considered to be healthy excessive consumption might lead to low mood, irritability, and anxiety. In such cases, reducing such foods or removing such foods that puts stress on the body improves the condition. Similarly when the blood sugar is poorly regulated and the person misses meals or breakfast it further reduces the energy and increases the anxiety. In long run this might lead to depression. Therefore, recommending proper diet for the client is an important factor for recovery from depressive bouts (Buchtemann et al, 2012).

Psychosocial factors

Although the exact personality of the client has not been discussed but the day to day interaction, their reaction to events and lastly their personality traits also plays an important role in such situations. For an example- persons who easily loose temper are more likely to suffer from depression as compared to others. While losing temper the persons activity might result in poor results or negative results. This might increase the depression symptoms. Similarly people who have experienced negative views on themselves are more likely to have depressive symptoms as compared to rest population (Poulsen, Pachana and Dermott, 2014).

In present context Miss J although seems to be well dressed and physical fit, the depressive symptoms indicate some issues with her personality traits and facing the situation in life. It might be due to troubled childhood or due to low serotonin level that can run in the family. In both the cases, the client has to be studied psychologically before any treatment or supplement to be recommended.

AGE

The client Miss J is a young adult and only 23 years old. In such cases, the younger people are vested with responsibilities that might seem burdening for them. With growing competition and complexity at work place, it demands high tolerance level to adjust to that environment (Arnett, 2014). Therefore, it is essential to know what type of work place environment is maintained in case of Miss J. Feeling complex about others and integrated factors such as poor diet, family history and previous episodes of depression might be the triggering factors. In such cases, the client requires emotional support , encouragement and positive work environment. Similarly mood enhancers food or supplements can be given. Exercise can be considered as a treatment since it releases endorphins that has been shown to have positive effects on mood (Bachman et al, 2013).

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Success in global environment requires International experiences

Success in global environment requires International experiences

In answering this particular topic on "achieving success across global environment requires International experiences", it is important that the writer must have good knowledge of international business environment. The topic itself asks about the need for understanding and having International experiences in order to achieve success in the global environment. The topic itself clarifies that the role and importance of having a good understanding of international business environment is important for achieving success. The assignment helpers while writing this assignment on achieving success in global environment requires a thorough approach about the international environment and condition.

By having good understanding of the international environment and the role it plays on the management of business in international context, it can be possible for the writer to write highly efficient assignment. There are certain major guidelines that are considered important in writing this assignment on the role and importance of international experience in managing business in the Global context. Important guidelines are listed as follows:

• First of all, it is important that the writer of this assignment must provide a brief introduction whereby he must write in general about the management of business in international business environment. The aspects such as the benefits and barriers to performing the management of business in international contracts should be discussed.

• The second major tips to the assignment writer are that she must perform a thorough analysis of the existing literature with respect to managing business in the international environment. The positive and negative aspects should be analysed and the role and importance of having a good experience and understanding of international business environment is essential to analyse in the existing literature. This will allow the assignment writer to most efficient answer to this particular question.

• Different points analysing the importance of international business environment and also the past experience should be discuss through out the body part of this report. It is essential that the writer must refer to existing literature to add credibility to the research.

• There must be the use of appropriate academic resources in answering the need for having International experience in performing the management of business in global environment. This would also add credibility to answering this question in a proper academic way.

• Finally there is a need to conclude the finding throughout the paper in the conclusion section. The writer must adopt a brief approach while discussing the key findings of the paper in the conclusion section.

•  The last and the most important section is the Bibliography section whereby the writer has to provide complete list of references that he has referred while answering the Research question.

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